Definition
Encryption scrambles plaintext into ciphertext using algorithms and keys. Symmetric encryption uses one shared key; asymmetric (RSA, ECC) uses public/private key pairs.
HTTPS uses TLS to encrypt HTTP traffic in transit.
In simple terms
Encryption is a locked box — anyone can see the box, but only key holders can open and read what's inside.
Where you see it
- HTTPS protects passwords and API keys in transit.
- Encrypted disks and databases protect data at rest.
- End-to-end encrypted messaging apps.
How it works
1.Choose algorithm
AES for bulk data, RSA/ECC for key exchange.
2.Manage keys
Rotate, store in vaults, never commit to Git.
3.TLS handshake
Browser and server agree on session keys for HTTPS.
Why it matters
- Encryption is baseline security for any app handling user data or API secrets.
Often confused
Encryption makes data impossible to steal.
Keys, endpoints, and decrypted servers remain attack surfaces — encryption protects specific layers.